In the 10 years since the Paris Agreement was adopted, both Trump administrations and the private sector have treated the accord as a living document.

The US pulled out of the emissions reduction agreement in 2017, rejoined in 2021 under President Biden, and exited yet again in 2025. International courts have also attempted to widen the scope of the accord—in particular, a Dutch court ruled in 2021 that oil giant Shell needed to significantly reduce its emissions. Shell was able to reverse that ruling on an appeal last year.

Amid so much volatility, analysts and data suggest that perhaps the best decarbonization policies aren’t those that emphasize lowering emissions, but those that focus on the free market and supplying rising energy demand.

Fits and starts: BloombergNEF’s report on US clean energy markets in the second half of 2025 contained some jarring information about solar and battery markets: There were no new investments in solar or battery supply chain either during the second or third quarters of 2025. What’s more, deploying solar and wind power has gotten more expensive, and not just because clean energy tax credits are being phased out. Tariffs, labor shortages, and permitting and interconnection delays have increased capital expenditures for wind and solar projects, thereby increasing their levelized cost of electricity across most of the US.

Keep reading here.—TC

“Hello, doctor. I’ve been having some chest discomfort.”

It’s the opening line in the robotic voice of “Mr. Perry,” an AI patient in McGraw-Hill’s Clinical Reasoning tool. Dr. Scott Stern, editor in chief of the platform, follows up with some usual questions: “When did this start? What medications are you taking? Do you smoke?”

The education platform’s new offering lets medical students practice in this manner, whittling down a differential diagnosis through simulated patient interaction. The GenAI involved is restrained; human content writers authored all the actual dialogue, and if the student ever strays off topic, the AI patient directs them back to the health dilemma at hand. (“I’m not much of a baseball fan, doctor. Can we focus on my chest discomfort?”)

“The only part of the entire platform that’s AI-powered is the ability of the interface to understand my question. All the patient’s responses, all of that is written out,” Stern said.

Students can collect patient history and order virtual tests in the course of the appointment. At the end, the entire interaction will be evaluated based on how an expert would have handled it.

Keep reading here.—PK

“ChatGPT for doctors.” That’s what startup OpenEvidence is quickly becoming known as.

Founded in 2022, OpenEvidence started with a simple idea: “information retrieval,” Travis Zack, chief medical officer at the company, told Healthcare Brew at the 2025 HLTH conference.

There’s a seemingly endless supply of high-quality health research out there from peer-reviewed sources like the Lancet and Nature Medicine. When clinicians need answers for patients, they often turn to these sources.

OpenEvidence is meant to make it easier and faster for them to find that reputable information. It’s similar to tools like DxGPT, developed by tech nonprofit Foundation 29, which was built off Chat GPT-4. ​​As generative AI has improved in the last few years, Zack said, it became easier to create a tool providers could use.

Two years ago, he said he was drawn to the company’s mission of making “clinical practice better” and not simply “more efficient”—plus, it was dedicated to making everything free to boost accessibility since it’s supported by ads.

“We can’t just create AI systems that are only applied to a certain group of people who can afford it,” he said. “Every doctor in the US should have access to it.”

Keep reading here.—CM